Experience the Best of Ghana on your Travel
Ghana, known as the “Gateway to Africa,” is a vibrant country rich in history, culture, and hospitality. Whether you’re visiting its bustling cities or exploring the lush landscapes and beaches, Ghana offers an unforgettable experience for travelers. But before you pack your bags, it’s helpful to learn a few important cultural and language facts to make your visit smoother and more enjoyable. From local languages to traditional customs, understanding the country’s culture will help you connect more deeply with its people and traditions.
Here are 5 language and cultural facts you should know before visiting Ghana.
1. English Is the Official Language, but Twi Is Widely Spoken
Ghana’s official language is English, which makes communication easier for many international travelers, especially in urban areas. English is used in government, education, and media, so you won’t have much difficulty navigating hotels, restaurants, or tourist attractions.
However, Ghana is a multilingual country with over 80 local languages, and one of the most widely spoken is Twi (pronounced “chwee”), a dialect of the Akan language. If you venture into rural areas or wish to connect more deeply with the locals, knowing a few words of Twi can be incredibly helpful and endearing.
Here are some basic Twi phrases to get you started:
- Akwaaba (Ah-kwah-bah): Welcome
- Medaase (Meh-dah-ah-see): Thank you
- Ɛte sɛn? (Eh-teh sen): How are you?
- Me ho yɛ (Meh-ho yeh): I’m fine
While many Ghanaians will be happy to speak English with you, showing an effort to greet or thank someone in their local language is a great way to break the ice and make a positive impression. The warmth you’ll receive after saying “Akwaaba” is priceless!
2. Greetings and Respect for Elders Are Key
In Ghanaian culture, greetings are incredibly important, and how you greet someone can set the tone for your interaction. Whether you’re entering a shop, meeting someone for the first time, or walking through a village, it’s customary to greet those around you. Not acknowledging someone, even in passing, may be seen as rude.
When meeting someone, a handshake is common, often accompanied by a smile and a verbal greeting. You may notice that Ghanaians have a distinctive handshake that includes snapping your fingers as you pull your hands away—a fun local twist that adds to the experience.
Beyond greetings, respect for elders is a cornerstone of Ghanaian society. Elders hold a special place in the community, and it’s important to show them respect. When greeting an elder, use both hands if offering something or shaking hands. You may also notice that locals slightly bow their heads when addressing someone older. This gesture of deference is a subtle but important cultural practice that highlights the value of respect in Ghanaian society.
Pro Tip: When entering a room or group setting, always greet everyone. Start with the eldest or most senior person present—it’s a sign of good manners and respect.
3. Family and Community Are Central to Ghanaian Life
In Ghana, the sense of community runs deep. Family structures are often extended, meaning it’s common for households to include not just immediate family but also aunts, uncles, cousins, and even close family friends. Community life is strong, and people look out for one another. This sense of collectivism extends beyond blood relations and shapes how Ghanaians interact socially and professionally.
If you’re staying with a local family or visiting a community-based tourism project, don’t be surprised if you’re welcomed into the fold as part of the family. Ghanaian hospitality is famous, and you’ll often hear the phrase “you are invited” when someone is eating a meal, even if you’re just walking by.
Participating in community activities, such as festivals or local events, is a fantastic way to experience this aspect of Ghanaian culture. Festivals like the Homowo Festival (a harvest celebration in Accra) or the Aboakyir Festival (a traditional deer-hunting festival in Winneba) are great opportunities to witness the communal spirit and cultural richness of Ghana.
Pro Tip: When visiting a Ghanaian home or community, it’s polite to bring a small gift as a sign of appreciation, such as fruit or snacks. It’s a thoughtful gesture that will be warmly received.
4. Traditional Attire and Modesty in Dress Are Respected
Ghana is a country that celebrates its traditions, and one of the most vibrant aspects of its culture is its traditional attire. You’ll notice many Ghanaians proudly wearing colorful fabrics such as Kente, Ankara, or batakari (smock). These outfits are often worn during special occasions, festivals, church services, or important ceremonies. Kente cloth, in particular, is a symbol of pride and heritage and is worn with great reverence.
While Ghanaians appreciate modern fashion, it’s important to dress modestly, especially when visiting rural areas or attending religious events. Showing too much skin, particularly in conservative settings, may be frowned upon. For women, covering your shoulders and avoiding very short skirts or shorts is advised. Men, too, should avoid wearing tank tops in more formal or religious settings.
However, you’ll find that people in cities like Accra and Kumasi are generally more relaxed when it comes to fashion, especially in trendy areas or beach resorts. Just be mindful of where you are, and you’ll have no trouble fitting in.
Pro Tip: If you’re attending a special event like a wedding or festival, consider purchasing local attire or having something made from Kente or Ankara fabric. It’s a beautiful way to embrace the culture, and you’ll find tailors across the country who can create custom outfits for you.
5. Music, Dance, and Storytelling Are at the Heart of Ghanaian Culture
Ghanaians are known for their love of music, dance, and storytelling, which play an integral role in their daily lives and celebrations. Traditional music is characterized by rhythmic drumming, handclapping, and singing, and you’ll find different styles of music associated with different regions and ethnic groups.
One of the most famous forms of music in Ghana is Highlife, a genre that blends Western instruments with African rhythms and melodies. Highlife music is lively, uplifting, and can be heard everywhere, from local bars to taxis. Modern genres like Afrobeats and Hiplife (a mix of Highlife and hip-hop) are also hugely popular, especially among younger generations.
Dance is another key aspect of Ghanaian culture. Whether it’s the lively Adowa dance of the Ashanti people or the Kpanlogo dance from the Ga people of Accra, dance is used to express emotions, tell stories, and bring people together. If you’re invited to a celebration or festival, don’t be shy—join in the dancing and let the rhythm guide you!
Pro Tip: Ghanaians love to celebrate, and many cultural events are open to visitors. If you’re attending a festival, wedding, or traditional ceremony, feel free to participate in the dancing and festivities—locals will welcome your enthusiasm and participation.
Visiting Ghana is a rich and rewarding experience, and understanding its language, culture, and traditions will enhance your journey. From learning a few Twi phrases to respecting local customs and embracing Ghana’s love of music and dance, you’ll find that Ghanaians are incredibly welcoming and proud of their heritage. By appreciating and engaging with the culture, you’ll not only have a more meaningful travel experience but also leave with lifelong memories of this vibrant and captivating country.